2024 Author: Molly Page | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:30
Pearl (uhovanchintsu - Chin., Tinsurin (Japanese 珍珠 鱗, scales made of rare pearls)) is one of the decorative breeds of the "goldfish", characterized by an unusual shape of scales that resemble pearls. It was bred at the end of the period of the Chinese Qing dynasty (1848-1925) with the systematic crossing of various lines and careful selection. Only in 1926, the fish was taken to Japan.
It has a short, swollen, ovoid body - dense, like a veil tail. All fins are short. On the body there are separate, large and convex scales, similar to pearls cut in half and glued on. In case of careless loss during any damage to the mother-of-pearl scales, a new one grows in an ordinary shape and does not repeat its previous originality. The body color is predominantly orange, red and white. Recently, there are black and chintz individuals. The most spectacular are large specimens.
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According to the breed standard, body depth should be approximately 75% of body length. The fins should be domed. The lobes of the caudal fin are wide, set apart at an angle of at least 90 degrees. The dorsal fin is single, with slightly rounded tips. The minimum body length is 5.5 cm. The body should be short and rounded, with well-developed domed scales.
Caudal fin should be well parted, bifurcated and raised high. The color of the fish can be red, orange, yellow, blue, brown, black or variegated (any combination of red, orange, yellow, blue, brown, black and white) with a pattern that is the same on both sides. Calico fish should have a blue background with spots of purple, red, orange, yellow, brown and white seen in black.
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Pearl is less productive in breeding than other varieties of goldfish. Difficulties arise at the age of 3 weeks, when the fry begin to get sick with dropsy. If this does not happen, then the fish remain with the usual flat scales. During the illness, the body of the fry swells, the scales rise, it becomes lethargic, weakens and sits on the bottom. He soon develops bedsores. At the same time, medications are bad helpers. To survive, fry need a spacious aquarium with a low water level, good filtration, a constant temperature of 24 ° C and a daily water change (5-10%). Despite the disease, the fry do not lose their appetite, so moderate feeding is necessary. The final stage of the disease is as follows. The liquid subsides, remaining only under the scales, which swell and harden. While recovering, the fry acquire mobility and begin to grow rapidly. From this moment they should be transferred to another body of water. If this is not done, then with a lack of food, they turn into cannibals and begin to eat their weakened counterparts.
This is one of the most demanding goldfish breeds, as it is very susceptible to various diseases (intestinal diseases, gill rot), the accumulation of organic matter in the water, low temperatures and fluctuations in pH. The size of the pearls reaches 15 cm. These are peaceful, slow fish, which it is desirable to keep in an oblong or square-shaped species aquarium. One fish should have at least 50 liters. Since the scales of these fish fall off easily, there should be no objects with sharp corners in the aquarium.
Water parameters: T 18-23 ° C, dH 6-18 °, pH 5-8, active aeration, powerful filtration. Salinity should be low, specific gravity less than 1.002. Weekly water changes up to 20-30%. Fish love to dig in the ground, so it is better to use coarse river sand as it. Stiff-leaved plants with large leaves and a powerful root system are chosen from plants.
Eat all feed (live, frozen, vegetable). Feeding with dry food (pellets, flakes) is not recommended as this can cause even more swelling of the fish. A distended stomach will press on your internal organs and swim bladder, which can lead to GI inflammation and constipation. If there are no other feeds, then it is recommended to first soak the dry feed, and only then feed them to the fish. As a prevention of constipation, pearls are given a canned pea once a week. Adult fish are fed 2 times a day: morning and evening. Since this breed is predisposed to shape-shifting, care must be taken to ensure that the fish do not overeat. And be sure to arrange a fasting day for the pearls once a week, i.e. not fed at all. All non-eaten food is removed after 5-10 minutes.
Puberty occurs at the age of two. Life expectancy is 10-15 years.
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