Video: Russian Heavy Truck
2023 Author: Molly Page | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-07-31 03:34
The Russian heavy draft horse, or Russian heavy draft horse, was developed on the farms of the Russian Federation and Ukraine. The breed was formed to a greater extent under the influence of the demands of agricultural production than scrap urban transport. In the breeding work, the method of complex reproductive crossing of local mares with draft breed producers, mainly with the Belgian Ardennes, was used. Since 1937 they began to be called Russian Ardenes, and in 1952 it was recognized expedient to call this group of horses Russian heavy trucks.
Russian heavy trucks were used as improvers for other agricultural breeds. Horses are unpretentious to feed and keeping conditions. With small stature, they are distinguished by a massive physique, great strength and free movements. The temperament is obedient. The breed is known for its excellent hauling properties due to its short legs.
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Created two intra-breed types (Ural and Ukrainian) and several lines. The most promising of them are the lines of stud stallions, Scout, Insidious, Captain, Whistle and Day laborer.
The horses are agile and energetic, good for working in uneven terrain. They are unpretentious, resistant to cold and able to pull more weight (in relation to their own body weight) than any other breed bred in the Soviet Union.
Russian draft horses are distinguished by their fast growth, longevity, high fertility and efficiency. The output of foals per 100 mares in stud farms is 80-85 heads, and in the most favorable years for feeding conditions - more than 95.
The mares are abundant in milk, they feed well foals, the growth of which in the milk period reaches 1.5-1.8 kg per day. On the kumis farm of the state breeding plant "Krasnoarmeisky" (Krasnodar Territory), 6412 kg of milk was obtained from a mare Tumbochka, born in 1972, at the age of 8 years for 364 days of lactation. The breed is also suitable for meat production.
According to volume VI of the State Book, measurements of stallions are as follows, see; height at the withers - 150 oblique body length - 158.2, chest girth - 192.5, cannon girth - 21. The dimensions of mares, respectively, are 149.6 - 159 - 192 - 21.2.
The color is predominantly red, roan and brown. Live weight from 575 to 650 kg.
This breed is characterized by an elongated format; medium-sized head, often with a concave profile; broad forehead; long ears; small eyes; thick, muscular neck; low withers, well muscled; deep chest; the back is long, often soft; forked croup, often drooping; the forelimbs are short, set wide apart (horses with sunken wrists are found); thick mane and tail; the tendons are well developed, outlined; small brushes; the hooves are correct, the horn is good.
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The horses of this breed set records: for urgent delivery of cargo at a trot in a wagon weighing 1.5 tons (pulling force 50 kg) for a distance of km - 20.4 s; for the same distance for the delivery of cargo weighing 4.5 tons (traction forces and 150 kg) in increments of 13 minutes; for traction endurance in a skid device with a traction force of 300 kg (conditional weight of a cart with a load of 9 t) - 1091.6 m. Maximum carrying capacity - about 25 t.
In 1980, the census throughout the former USSR gave a total of 48,490 head. Breeding horses are used to improve local horses in the northern and northwestern regions. In Bulgaria, the breed is used to breed the Bulgarian heavy truck.
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