Video: Biomechanics Of Horse Movement: Jump
2024 Author: Molly Page | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:30
The horse approaches the obstacle at the horizontal speed necessary for an optimal jump trajectory. At the take-off point, the neck sweeps with a simultaneous push of the front legs, which causes the front of the horse's body to rise to the angle of take-off. The push with the hind legs then gives the horse the speed and trajectory to jump.
When passing over an obstacle, the horse sequentially picks up the front and hind legs, then stretches the neck and front legs, which shifts the center of gravity and leads to a downward bend of the body. Before landing, the horse lightens the load on the front legs with a swing of the neck.
The horse's maximum jump height depends on the height of the center of gravity and mass. The maximum speed of overcoming an obstacle depends on the speed of approaching the obstacle, the speed of raising the front of the horse to the angle of repulsion, the speed of repulsion with the hind legs and the optimal trajectory of the jump. To achieve maximum jump speed, the horse's body parts must move as quickly as possible in relation to each other.
Related article 10 commandments of the rider when overcoming obstacles
The trotters have the maximum speed of the legs at the trot and many of them can jump well. As studies of horse body proportions have shown, the proportions of trotters are closest to the ideal proportions of show jumping horses.
The ideal proportions for a jumping horse are those at which the highest speed of movement of the body parts responsible for the speed of the jump and the greatest height of the center of gravity are achieved. The ideal proportions of a show jumping horse are "foal proportions": the body, neck, shoulder blade, shoulder, croup and thigh are short, and the lower limbs are long.
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