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Video: Chytridiomycosis In Amphibians
2023 Author: Molly Page | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-11-27 22:49
Description: chytrid fungi (mostly aquatic organisms) are a group of lower fungi of microscopic size and primitive organization, mostly unicellular and mononuclear, living parasitically, and sometimes saprophytic on various aquatic plants, especially on algae, as well as on small aquatic animals.
Amphibian chytridiomycosis is an infectious disease (caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) that affects the skin of adult amphibians and the oral cavity of their larvae. The disease was discovered quite recently. Its distribution area covers Australia, North and Central America and the Caribbean region. It spreads at a speed of 100 km / y.
In nature, it causes epidemics, as a result of which, whole colonies of amphibians die out. Most likely, B. dendrobatidis can infect not only aquatic but also terrestrial amphibians. When dried, zoospores and zoosporangia die. Not dangerous to humans, since it does not reproduce at temperatures above 31 ° C.
Reasons: not known. Presumably, infection occurs at the time of contact of the skin of the amphibian with contaminated water.
Frog killed by chytridiomycosis
Symptoms: In young and adult amphibians, include neurological symptoms (abnormal posture), thickening of the epidermis (barely visible roughness of the skin surface), half-closed eyes, anorexia, lethargy, pale skin, beak deformities in tadpoles, sudden death.
Diagnostics: examinations of skin taken from the extremities. Basic examinations (histology, culture) are insensitive.
Treatment: Treatment with Fluconazole and Itraconazole may lead to recovery in some cases.
A 1% suspension of Itraconazole is diluted with 0.6% saline to a final concentration of Itraconazole of 0.01%. The amphibian is placed in the solution for 5 minutes a day, the treatment is carried out for 10-11 days.
Additionally, the animals are given ultraviolet baths.
Prevention: not known.
Literature:
1. Donald K. Nichols and Elaine W. Lamirande. Treatment of cutaneous chytridiomycosis in blue-and-yellow poison dart frogs (Dendrobates tinctorius)
2. Chytridiomycosis. Department of the Environment and Heritage, 2004.
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