Video: Grouse (Symphodus Cinereus)
2024 Author: Molly Page | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:30
Grouse (Grey wrasse) dwells in the eastern Atlantic, where the coastal area kept among overgrowth of algae to a depth of 20 m. Often, forms a group of several copies. Spawns in March - July. Sizes up to 15-16 cm. It feeds on crustaceans and molluscs, ripens at the age of 1-2 years. Lives up to 5-6 years. Coloring varies. Small conical teeth on the jaws are arranged in one row; scales are large.
Appearance: the body of the hazel grouse is not high, the body height is less than the length of the head; snout pointed, short; the mouth is small, moderately retractable; there are 4-6 folds on the lips. In the infraorbital canal of the lateral line, large ones usually have more than 20 pores, more often more than 10 pores along the preopercular bone. Small conical teeth on the jaws are arranged in one row; scales are large. On the cheeks, between the eye and the preoperculum, there are 2 (3) rows of overlapping scales from below and one row behind the eye; 2 rows of scales, larger at the back, on the interopercular bone; 3, sometimes 4 rows of scales on the operculum bone above, covering it entirely, with the exception of sometimes a small space in front of the posterior angle.
The color of the hazel grouse varies. The base color is usually gray-yellowish or brownish with brown spots and with two more or less distinct, sometimes absent, longitudinal brown stripes along the lateral line dorsally from the snout to the caudal fin and below it from the lower edge of the eye. On the spiny part of the dorsal fin between the 1st and 3rd rays and on the caudal peduncle under the lateral line at the base of the caudal fin rays along a dark spot, sometimes absent. In males, during the spawning period, in some cases, blue stripes on the head and blue shades in color appear.
Sizes: length up to 15-16 cm, usually 8-10 cm.
Distribution: East Atlantic off the coast of the Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean, Aegean, Marmara seas. In the Black Sea, it is found on all shores, is not numerous everywhere, found in the Kerch Strait.
Biology: hazel grouse keeps in the coastal zone among the thickets of algae, sometimes on a soft bottom, at a depth of 20 m, often found in lagoons and estuaries, often forms groups of several specimens. Spawns in March - July. Caviar is swept out in three portions, at a depth of 0.5-2 m, into nests built by males between thickets of cystoseira. Fertility in two females 62 and 91 mm long is 1746 and 6275 eggs. Larvae met here in the coastal area from the first half of May to the first ten days of July. Fries near Novorossiysk were observed from June and throughout the winter. Hermit crabs Diogenes varians were found in stomachs.
It feeds on crustaceans and molluscs, matures at the age of 1-2 years. Lives up to 5-6 years, males grow faster than females.
The hazel grouse has no economic value.
Literature:
1. N. Svetovidov. Fish of the Black Sea. Moscow-Leningrad, 1965
2. Vasilyeva E. D. Fish of the Black Sea. Keys to marine, brackish, euryhaline and anadromous species with color illustrations collected by S. V. Bogorodsky. - M.: Publishing house VNIRO, 2007
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