Video: Giant Pile (Dioctophyme Renale)
2024 Author: Molly Page | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:30
Don't believe that a 30 cm long worm can live in a dog's or cat's kidney? And yet it is true. Most often, the giant pile lives in the body of minks, but occasionally cats, dogs, foxes and other carnivores can become infected. There are known cases of human infection.
The full life cycle of Dioctophyme renale from egg to adult takes 2 years. The eggs of the parasite enter the mammalian urine. They must develop in water and pass through several intermediate hosts, which may include crayfish, fish and frogs.
Giant pile (Dioctophyme renale) in the kidney. © Photo
A cat can become infected by eating fish, for example. When a parasite or intermediate host is digested in the cat's stomach, the larva is released, enters the stomach muscle, and remains there for 2 weeks. The larva then enters the liver, where it feeds on its tissues. Then it migrates into the abdominal cavity or kidney, where it turns into an adult.
An adult pile causes serious harm to the body, sometimes completely destroying the entire kidney. If the kidney collapses slowly, then the other gradually takes over its functions, and outwardly the signs of the disease do not appear in any way. Parasites in the abdomen can cause inflammation (peritonitis).
Diagnostics. The giant pile is very picky and is almost always in the right kidney. It is most often found during an autopsy. Sometimes he is accidentally found during an operation. Imagine the surprise of a veterinarian who, while performing a routine operation to remove the ovaries, suddenly sees a meter-long worm in the abdominal cavity. Occasionally, the disease can be diagnosed by examining the urine of an animal and finding the eggs of the parasite there. Even less often, they can be found in feces if urine has got there.
Treatment. The only known treatment is to surgically remove the worm from the affected kidney.
Prevention. Don't let animals eat raw fish, frogs, or drink the water in which crayfish live. However, this parasitosis is so rare that no precautions are usually taken.
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