Gambusia, Peciliae (Poeciliidae)

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Gambusia, Peciliae (Poeciliidae)
Gambusia, Peciliae (Poeciliidae)

Video: Gambusia, Peciliae (Poeciliidae)

Video: Gambusia, Peciliae (Poeciliidae)
Video: Рыбка Гамбузия. Малярия и содержание в аквариуме Gambusia 2024, March
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Peciliaceae, or mosquito fish, are a family of ray-finned fish of the order karpodiforovykh The family has about 300 species of viviparous fish living in the fresh and brackish waters of the United States, Central and South America. They live in a wide variety of water bodies: large and small lakes, quiet rivers, turbulent streams. The color is very diverse, in a number of species melanism is pronounced. Omnivorous. Vision and hearing are well developed.

Phallichthys tico, photo photography aquarium fish
Phallichthys tico, photo photography aquarium fish

Phallichthys tico

Most of the viviparous Peciliaceae are schooling fish. Many males have fewer females, they differ in secondary sexual characteristics: a "sword" of elongated lower rays of the caudal fin, a high dorsal fin, an elongated caudal fin (in guppies). Fertilization is usually internal: the male injects sperm into the female's body with the help of a special organ - the gonopodia (anterior rays of the anal fin). In the abdomen of the female, sperm remains active and fertilizes the eggs as they mature.

Formosa (Heterandria formosa), photo photography aquarium fish
Formosa (Heterandria formosa), photo photography aquarium fish

Formosa female (Heterandria formosa)

Petsilia fry are born fully formed, they immediately begin to swim and feed. In a flock of guppies, fry "learn" to recognize individuals of the opposite sex. Among mosquito fish, there is one unisexual species, Poecilia formosa, which reproduces by gynogenesis.

Spotted plague (Xiphophorus maculatus), photo photograph viviparous fish
Spotted plague (Xiphophorus maculatus), photo photograph viviparous fish

Spotted platy (Xiphophorus maculatus)

The taxonomy of the family has not yet been established, therefore, in the course of revisions, the merging and separation of genera, and a change in their names, occur periodically. Most of the species are kept in aquariums (swordtails, guppies, girardinus, mollies).

Green swordtail (Xiphophorus helleri), photo photograph of live-bearer fish
Green swordtail (Xiphophorus helleri), photo photograph of live-bearer fish

Green swordsman (Xiphophorus helleri)

Systematics of the family Gambusiaceae, peciliaceae

  • Subfamily: Aplocheilichthyinae =

    • Genus: Aplocheilichthys = Aploheilichthys

      • Species: Aplocheilichthys hannerzi = Aploheilichthys Hannerzi
      • Species: Aplocheilichthys lamberti = Aploheilichthys Lambert
      • Species: Aplocheilichthys pumilus = Aploheilichthys turquoise-scaled
      • Species: Aplocheilichthys spilauchen = Yellow-green Aplocheilichthys
      • Species: Aplocheilichthys vitschumbaensis = Aploheilichthys Vitshumba
    • Genus: Lacustricola =
    • Genus: Poropanchax Clausen, 1967 = Popropanhaxes

      • Species: Poropanchax myersi Poll, 1952 = Myers' Beam Eye, or aploheilichtis hummingbird
      • Species: Poropanchax normani Ahl, 1928 = Norman Aploheilichtis
  • Subfamily: Poeciliinae Bonaparte, 1831 = Pecilin

    • Tribe: Alfarini Hubbs, 1924 = Alfaroi

      • Genus: Alfaro Meek, 1912 = Alfaro

        Species: Alfaro cultratus Regan, 1908 = Alfaro turquoise, or knife-like

    • Tribe: Cnesterodontini Hubbs, 1924 = Knestrodons

      • Genus: Cnesterodon =
      • Genus: Phalloceros Eigenmann, 1907 = Falocera

        Species: Phalloceros caudomaculatus Hensel, 1868 = Uruguayan falozer

      • Genus: Phalloptychus =
      • Genus: Phallotorynus =
    • Tribe: Gambusiini Gill, 1893 = Gambusia

      • Genus: Belonesox Kner, 1860 = Belonesox

        Species: Belonesox belizanus Kner, 1860 = Belonesox

      • Genus: Brachyrhaphis = Brachyraphis

        Species: Brachyrhaphis roseni = Rosen's Brachyraphis

      • Genus: Gambusia Poey, 1854 = Gambusia

        • Species: Gambusia affinis Baird-Girard, 1853 = Gambusia
        • Species: Gambusia aurata Miller & Minckley, 1970 = Golden mosquito
        • Species: Gambusia dominicensis Regan, 1913 = Dominican mosquito
        • Gambusia holbrooki Girard, 1859 = Holbrook mosquito
        • Species: Gambusia nicaraguensis Günther, 1866 = Nicaraguan mosquito
        • Species: Gambusia punctata Poey, 1854 = Cuban mosquito
    • Tribe: Girardinini Hubbs, 1924 = Girardinus

      • Genus: Carlhubbsia =
      • Genus: Girardinus = Girardinus

        Species: Girardinus metallicus = Girardinus brilliant

      • Genus: Quintana =
    • Tribe: Heterandriini Hubbs, 1924 = Heterandria

      • Genus: Heterandria Agassiz, 1853 = Heterandria

        Species: Heterandria formosa Girard, 1859 = Formosa

      • Genus: Neoheterandria = Neoheterandria

        Species: Neoheterandria elegans = Neoheterandria slender

      • Genus: Poeciliopsis =
      • Genus: Priapichthys =
      • Genus: Pseudopoecilia =
      • Genus: Pseudoxiphophorus =
      • Genus: Xenophallus Hubbs, 1924 = Xenophallus

        Species: Xenophallus umbratilis = Yellowish Xenophallus

    • Tribe: Poeciliini Garman, 1895 = Pecilia

      • Genus: Limia Poey, 1854 = Limia

        • Species: Limia melanogaster Günther, 1866 = Black-bellied Limia
        • Species: Limia nigrofasciata Regan, 1913 = Limia black-striped
        • Species: Limia vittata Guichenot, 1853 = Speckled Limia, or Cuban Limia
      • Genus: Micropoecilia Hubbs, 1926 = Micropecilia

        Species: Micropoecilia picta Regan, 1913 = Micropecilia picta

      • Genus: Pamphorichthys =
      • Genus: Phallichthys =
      • Genus: Poecilia Bloch et Schneider, 1801 = Pecilia

        • Species: Poecilia caucana Steindachner, 1880 = Caucan mollies, Cauca pecilia
        • Species: Poecilia formosa Girard, 1859 = Pecilia beautiful, or Amazonian mollies
        • Species: Poecilia latipinna = Wide-finned Pecilia, or Latipinna
        • Species: Poecilia mexicana Steindachner, 1863 = Mexican pecilia
        • Species: Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859 = Guppy
        • Species: Poecilia sphenops Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846 = Black Mollies
        • Species: Poecilia velifera Regan, 1914 = Sailing Pecilia, or sailing mollies
        • Species: Poecilia vittata = Limia speckled, or striped
      • Genus: Xiphophorus Heckel, 1848 = Xiphophorus, or swordtails

        • Species: Xiphophorus hellerii Heckel, 1848 = Heller's sword-bearer, or green, or simple sword-bearer
        • Species: Xiphophorus maculatus = Pecilia, or spottypecilia
        • Species: Xiphophorus variatus Meek, 1904 = Pecilia multicolored, variegated, or tricolor
    • Tribe: Priapellini Ghedotti, 2000 = Priapells

      • Genus: Priapella Regan, 1913 = Priapella

        Species: Priapella intermedia Álvarez & Carranza, 1952 = Priapella blue-eyed, or Priapella intermedia

    • Tribe: Scolichthyini Rosen, 1967 =

      Genus: Scolichthys =

    • Tribe: Tomeurini Eigenmann, 1912 = Tomeurs

      Genus: Tomeurus =

    • Tribe: Xenodexiini Hubbs, 1950 =

      Genus: Xenodexia =

  • Subfamily: Procatopodinae Fowler, 1916 =

    • Genus: Aapticheilichthys =
    • Genus: Fluviphylax =
    • Genus: Hylopanchax =
    • Genus: Hypsopanchax =
    • Genus: Lamprichthys Regan, 1911 = Lamprichthys

      Species: Lamprichthys tanganicanus = Lamprichthys tanganik

    • Genus: Micropanchax =
    • Genus: Pantanodon =
    • Genus: Paralebias =
    • Genus: Plataplochilus Ahl, 1928 = Plataplochilus

      Species: Plataplochilus miltotaenia = Plataplochilus miltotenia

    • Genus: Procatopus Boulenger, 1904 = Procatopus

      • Species: Procatopus abeirans Ahl, 1927 = Procatopus squint-tailed, or Procatopus blue-green
      • Species: Procatopus nototaenia = Procatopus red-finned
      • Species: Procatopus similis Ahl, 1927 = Procatopus similis

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